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1、原理

電解(jie)的(de)概念 使電流通(tong)過(guo)電解(jie)質溶液(ye)而在陰、陽(yang)兩極引(yin)起氧化還原反應的(de)過(guo)程叫做電解(jie)。

2、構成電解池的條件

（1）直流電源。

（2）兩個電(dian)極。其中與電(dian)源的(de)正極相(xiang)連的(de)電(dian)極叫(jiao)做陽極，與電(dian)源的(de)負極相(xiang)連的(de)電(dian)極叫(jiao)做陰極。

（3）電解質溶液或熔(rong)融態電解質。

（4）電解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)導電的實質(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)電解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)溶液（或熔融態電解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)）通(tong)電時，電子(zi)(zi)從電源的負極沿導線流入(ru)電解(jie)池的陰(yin)極，電解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的陽(yang)離(li)子(zi)(zi)移向陰(yin)極得電子(zi)(zi)發生還原反(fan)應；

電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)陰(yin)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)移(yi)向陽極失(shi)去(qu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)（有的(de)是(shi)組成陽極的(de)金屬原子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)失(shi)去(qu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)）發生氧(yang)化(hua)反(fan)應，電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)從(cong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)池的(de)陽極流(liu)(liu)出，并沿導線流(liu)(liu)回電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)正極。這樣，電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)就依(yi)靠電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)（或熔(rong)融態電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)）里(li)陰(yin)、陽離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)定向移(yi)動而通過溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)（或熔(rong)融態電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)），所以電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)（或熔(rong)融態電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)）的(de)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程，就是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)（或熔(rong)融態電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)）的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)過程。

3、技術指標：